The Life of Kim Seok Young, The First Wrestler from Incheon 인천 최초의 레슬러 "김석영"의 삶
조준호JunHoCho
52(4) 1-20, 2013
Title
The Life of Kim Seok Young, The First Wrestler from Incheon 인천 최초의 레슬러 "김석영"의 삶
조준호JunHoCho
DOI:
Abstract
This study paid attention to ‘Kim Seok young’ who was the pioneer in the history of Incheon Wrestling and the followings are the results of the study. First, Kim Seok young majored swimming at Incheon Commercial School and did anti-Japanese movement through exercise. He had bullied Japanese students. He was expelled from the school and had to study in Japan finally. Second, Kim won Wrestling Championship in a Wrestling Contest Celebrating the Establishment of Amateur Wrestling Association in 1939 and won the championship in Japan Wrestling Championship in 1940. Third, after independence of Korea, he came back to his home town Incheon and established Incheon Wrestling Club and taught pupils. In 1948, he entered London Olympics to represent Korea and ranked at the 6th place. But in the Korean War after two years, he died at an early age as 32. His passion for wrestling was delivered to Lim Bae young and then to Jang Chang sun and consequently became a seed for the gold medal in the world competition.
Key Words
Kim Seok young, Japan Wrestling Championship, Incheon Wrestling Club
The Historical Study on the Lausanne South-North Korean Sport Talks of 1963 1963년 로잔 남북체육 회담에 관한 역사적 연구
김재우JaeWooKim
52(4) 21-33, 2013
Title
The Historical Study on the Lausanne South-North Korean Sport Talks of 1963 1963년 로잔 남북체육 회담에 관한 역사적 연구
김재우JaeWooKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the Lausanne South-North Korean sport talks of 1963. As a result of the 59th IOC General Assembly in Moscow June, 1962, it was recommended that North and South Korea should enter the olympics as a unified team. With the disregard for the importance of such a recommendation the politicians from Korea were absent from the talks, thus forcing a delay. Consequently, the IOC strongly pressurized with Korea after the 17th UN General Assembly and so the talks began. Before the meeting the Koreans approached the IOC delegates to ensure that the talks were to take place with advantageous position. South Korea was participated in the talks according to the government's policy that North korea’s individual participation, and furthermore North Korea` absence of Olympics. On January 24th 1963, the two Koreas agreed on the procedure for selecting the national players and committee members, national song, however as the South Koreans strongly wanted the use of their flag, this created a problem with the choice of choosing one national flag. With the agreement of the IOC in April 1963, this national flag problem was solved.
Key Words
South-North Korea, sport talks, lausanne
The Hidden Irony Beneath the History of the American YMCA: Secularization of the Church? Or Evangelization Through Sports? 미국 YMCA 역사에 숨겨진 아이러니: 교회의 세속화인가? 스포츠를 통한 복음화인가?
하정희JungHeeHa , 이가람KaRamLee
52(4) 35-47, 2013
Title
The Hidden Irony Beneath the History of the American YMCA: Secularization of the Church? Or Evangelization Through Sports? 미국 YMCA 역사에 숨겨진 아이러니: 교회의 세속화인가? 스포츠를 통한 복음화인가?
하정희JungHeeHa , 이가람KaRamLee
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims to identify the concrete context of promoting physical education in America at a microscopic level. Based on the conflicting views derived from the process of adopting sports, which was considered as a symbol of the secularization, the process where the YMCA was connected to sports was considered and investigated more in-depth. The result suggests that affected by Puritanism, the early YMCA believed that the introduction of sports would lead to secularization of their church, and this tendency appeared in the historical fact that the YMCA had disapproved the introduction of the baseball. The YMCA, however, rooted out the ascetic tradition underlying Puritanism and began to introduce sports to convert as many people to Christianity as possible in a pragmatic point of view. This resulted from the trends of pragmatism and muscular Christianity. To sum it up, the YMCA took sports as a strategic medium for evangelization from a pragmatic perspective, legitimized physical activities and sublimated gymnasiums into the venues of spiritual influence.
Key Words
American sports education movement, Puritanism, Pragmatism, Muscular Christianity
A Study on Influx of Chosun and Concept Formation of The Translated Term in Physical Education 번역된 체육용어의 조선유입과 개념형성에 관한 연구
유성연SungYeonYoo
52(4) 49-59, 2013
Title
A Study on Influx of Chosun and Concept Formation of The Translated Term in Physical Education 번역된 체육용어의 조선유입과 개념형성에 관한 연구
유성연SungYeonYoo
DOI:
Abstract
This research was the study that East Asia and Western term in physical education was in concept to the process of being translated into Chinese and the process of entering the liberation of Korea early to formed in the dictionary for the meaning. First, Translated from Japanese gymnastics and physical education, the words were introduced into the time of enlightenment, in 1895, the word gymnastics was covered the concept of physical activity and was used as military training by education report. The word physical education was published in July 1895 through 'New Compilation Pedagogy', was used concept of health and physical education. Second, sports events in the West was translated by the Japanese baseball, basketball, volleyball, tennis, track and field games were introduced to Korean and term exercise as well in 1937. Third, after the liberation of Korea has enacted to translate into Hangul from gymnastics and physical education. These translation was enacted to collect in physical terms with collected terminology in the Japanese colonial era then to was published by union dictionary.
A Study on the Current State of and Improvement Measures for School Sports Club Activities in Creative Activities 창의적 체험활동으로써 학교스포츠클럽 활동의 현황과 개선 방안
김기철KiChulKim , 김택천TaChunKim , 허현미HyunHiHeo
52(4) 61-74, 2013
Title
A Study on the Current State of and Improvement Measures for School Sports Club Activities in Creative Activities 창의적 체험활동으로써 학교스포츠클럽 활동의 현황과 개선 방안
김기철KiChulKim , 김택천TaChunKim , 허현미HyunHiHeo
DOI:
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate the current state and problems of “school sports club activities in Creative activities” which were introduced for all the middle school grades in the second semester of 2012. Data were collected through survey, in-depth interview. The analysis results of the findings led to the following results on the current state and improvement measures of school sports club activities according to the program and human. First, as for the program aspect, Most schools adjust or increase the hours of creative experiential activities to run school sports club activities. Many schools selected the types of sports within the feasible scope of operation rather than reflecting the opinions of the students. As for the human aspect, most of the human resources in charge of instruction for such activities were sports instructors. Based on the findings, the study proposed policy ideas for the consistent and developmental field application of school sports club activities in the program and human aspect : First, it is required to provide a set of operational guidelines for “school sports club activities”. Next, in terms of human aspect, it is necessary to reinforce the qualification criteria of sports instructors and explore the idea of making them regular staff.
Key Words
school sports club activities, creative activities, improvement
The Effect of Sports Participation on Private and General Personal Trust, Social Trust, and Governmental Trust 스포츠참여가 사적·일반 대인신뢰, 사회신뢰, 정부신뢰에 미치는 영향
김찬룡ChanRyongKim
52(4) 75-89, 2013
Title
The Effect of Sports Participation on Private and General Personal Trust, Social Trust, and Governmental Trust 스포츠참여가 사적·일반 대인신뢰, 사회신뢰, 정부신뢰에 미치는 영향
김찬룡ChanRyongKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of sports participation on private and general personal trust, social trust, governmental trust. In this study, the 486 valid sample of male and female which were live in K Do, D, B city were used for data analysis using extraction(convenience sampling). Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, t-test, One-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and Duncan test for post-hoc test for hypotheses testing. The conclusions of this study were as follows; First, there were significant differences in trust depend on demographic characteristics. female, older, and sports participant who were joined in sports clubs, have higher private personal trust, general personal trust, social trust than those who were not. Second, private personal trust, and general personal trust have effected significantly on social trust. And general personal trust, and social trust have effected significantly on governmental trust. Third, who were regularly and actively participated in sports, and were joined and in sports clubs have higher private personal trust, general personal trust, social trust than those who were not.
Key Words
sports participation, social trust, private personal trust, general personal trust, governmental trust
Facilitating School Life Adaptation through "Saturday Sports Gathering" Participation of Children with Multicultural Background 다문화가정 아동의 『함께하는 토요스포츠교실』 참가를 통한 학교생활적응력 향상
Facilitating School Life Adaptation through "Saturday Sports Gathering" Participation of Children with Multicultural Background 다문화가정 아동의 『함께하는 토요스포츠교실』 참가를 통한 학교생활적응력 향상
The purpose of this study was that to investigate the school life by taking part in a 'Saturday Sports Gathering' for multicultural kids. For this, we selected 9 children who attended 'Saturday Sports Gathering' B elementary school in A metropolitan city. Also we used sports instructors, parents and class teachers as assistant. we selected the information with observation, in-depth interview and text analysis. The results were as follows : First, the difficulty for them at school is prejudice, misunderstanding, little regard and a lack of communication among their friends. Second, this class shows that increasing the intrest of physical education, increasing of activity and physical strength, new friendship, improving the relationship between teachers, and developing the attitude to the positive. Third, when introducing the sports for multicultural chirdren, we need to consider removing the prejudice and misunderstanding, the program with nomal student and parents, the customized program for their personality and build the cultivation with connectiving oranization.
Key Words
multicultural chirdren, sports program, school life adaption
Social-ecological Issues and Improvement Plans Associated with Physical Inactivity in Chinese International Students in Korean Society: A Photovoice Study 중국유학생의 제한적 신체활동과 관련된 사회생태학적 문제와 개선방안: 포토보이스 연구
김경오KyungOKim
52(4) 103-116, 2013
Title
Social-ecological Issues and Improvement Plans Associated with Physical Inactivity in Chinese International Students in Korean Society: A Photovoice Study 중국유학생의 제한적 신체활동과 관련된 사회생태학적 문제와 개선방안: 포토보이스 연구
김경오KyungOKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand issues and concerns of Chinese international students in terms of their physical inactivity. All participants were recruited from “A” University in “B” city and there were two criteria: 1)Chinese students who are not participating in regular physical activity, 2)An individual who are willing to participate in this study, 3)An individual who are fluent in speaking Korean. There were seven Chinese students were recruited. To achieve the above goals, both Photovoice technique and focus group were employed and all data were analyzed by Photovoice analysis procedure including selecting, contextualizing, codifying or categorizing. Participants discussed the following themes related to their physical inactivity: uncomfortable feeling with unfamiliar intramural system, lack of information and access, uncomfortable feeling derived from language and cultural difference, economical problem due to exchange rate, inadequate nutrition intake, and lack of services and facilities in their residential area. Based on these themes, this study attempted to provide improvement plans in terms of organization, community, and policy level. This participatory action research is meaningful in terms of understanding undiscovered problems and concerns of underdogs of our society. Especially, it should be very important to apply this technique to the field of Kinesiology in terms of understanding problems and concerns in physically inactive population.
Key Words
Photovoice, Physical Activity, Barriers, Chinese International Students
Sports, Space, Society: Spatial-Sociological Study about The Sports Space 스포츠, 공간, 사회: 스포츠공간에 관한 공간사회학적 고찰
이혁기HyuckGiLee
52(4) 117-128, 2013
Title
Sports, Space, Society: Spatial-Sociological Study about The Sports Space 스포츠, 공간, 사회: 스포츠공간에 관한 공간사회학적 고찰
이혁기HyuckGiLee
DOI:
Abstract
This study focused on the relationship between sports space and society in the view of the sociology of space in order to analyze sports and sports space related social issues. For this, we studied the sociology of space digging into the relationship between space and society, further help understand sports space that changes in the view of spatial sociology. First, The following is about the epistemology and academic interests of the sociology of space. the epistemology of the sociology of space is based on the facts that ‘each person is a part of society’, ‘space reflects and establishes social activity, and even is a means of resistance and celebration. ‘and ‘space is not thing that can be fixed and generally shared.’ And the sociology of space has focused on spatial differentiation from relationship between politics and economics, and social inequality, social structuralization of leisure space, and social relations. Second, when studying the content about the sports space from view of the space of sociology, Lefebvre’s spatial dialectic theory and Relph’s phenomenological place theory among the theory of spatial sociology can offer useful theoretical frame when helping understand the matter of reproduction in the sports space and place image and place identity.
Key Words
sociology of the space, sports, space, society, sports space, lefebvre, relph
A Proposal on Teaching Dance Sports Effectively Using AHP Method AHP기법을 활용한 효과적인 댄스스포츠 수업지도 개선방안
김영미YoungMeeKim , 서수진SooJinSeo
52(4) 129-143, 2013
Title
A Proposal on Teaching Dance Sports Effectively Using AHP Method AHP기법을 활용한 효과적인 댄스스포츠 수업지도 개선방안
김영미YoungMeeKim , 서수진SooJinSeo
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status and the problems, and to improve an effective dancesports class. The subjects included 198 dancesports participant and 25 groups of dancesports professional. The conclusions were drawn as following; first, the most unsatisfactory thing in the class was on time meeting was not achieved, detailed problems included non use of professional music, not being able to explain dance steps and actions, attitude in detail and that the explanation of important point by the level was not sufficient and appeared that it's hard to sort and operate primary grade group, intermediate level group, advanced class in class operation. Second, effective class priority appeared that methods of teaching was the most important in the main category, appeared by next basic position, promote friendship among the members, artistry. Sub category, basic training appears in basic position, and a dance technology appears in artistry, and motivation appears in education method, and systematic member management appeared to promote friendship among the members. Giving enjoyment was rated the highest in the under-category, motivation appears in giving excitement, from the study result it's show that giving excitement was the important to the participant. Third, strategies for improving teaching appears development of efficient teaching methods, professionalism secure of instructor, sequence of educational contents and systematic member management.
Key Words
AHP, dancesports class, teaching method
Development and Validation of Scale of Parents’ of Football Players Support Motivation 축구선수 학부모의 지원동기 척도개발 및 타당성 평가
김무진MooJinKim
52(4) 145-157, 2013
Title
Development and Validation of Scale of Parents’ of Football Players Support Motivation 축구선수 학부모의 지원동기 척도개발 및 타당성 평가
김무진MooJinKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to development and validation of scale of parents’ of football players support motivation. To this end, the participation of student-athletes motivation, motivation of parents support private institutions, student-athletes and professionals associated with the qualitative research questionnaire was developed through meetings it has undergone a process of statistical validation. The preliminary survey was completed over the course of the 48th middle-school Korea Football Association Fall Conference parents' to attend a survey of 294 people was conducted final data analysis was used. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 19.0. The results of this study are as follow First, through the item analysis of five sub-factors (intrinsic motivation, solicitation / Pathways motivation, social recognition motivation, passive motives, good feeling for football motivation) and the full 19-question questionnaire was derived. Second, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. And produce a variety of fit measure the results of applying the model in this study was appropriate. The feasibility study also confirmed the results of different evaluation methods show that the model could be applicable. Finally, five sub-factors and the full 17-question questionnaire was completed.
Key Words
Support Motivation, Parents’ of Football Players, Scale Development, Validation
A Development of Ski & Snowboard Enjoyment Scale for an University student 대학생의 스키ㆍ스노보드 재미요인 측정도구 개발
강은석EunSukKang , 이지훈JiHoonLee
52(4) 159-171, 2013
Title
A Development of Ski & Snowboard Enjoyment Scale for an University student 대학생의 스키ㆍ스노보드 재미요인 측정도구 개발
강은석EunSukKang , 이지훈JiHoonLee
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop ski & snowboard enjoyment scale for an university student. In order to attain the purpose of the study, the factors which formed ski & snowboard enjoyment for the university student were collected and an inductive content analysis was executed through conducting an interview and open survey, based on such generalized ski & snowboard enjoyment, the questions were developed, and ski & snowboard enjoyment scale was finally developed through the internal structure review phase and the external relation review phase by conducting the questionnaire survey for 902 university students. First inductive analysis was used to categorize law data and deductive analysis was used by SPSS 18.0 for Windows & LISREL 8.80 such as descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, ANOVA and correlation analysis. As the result, First, ski & snowboard enjoyment scale was generalized with environment & circumstances, physical development, mentality & emotion, competence perception, and sociality development. Second, ski & snowboard enjoyment is appropriate in ski & snowboard enjoyment scale for the university student, and the external criteria are proper in ski & snowboard enjoyment scale for the university student. Accordingly, ski & snowboard enjoyment scale for the university student generalized in this study was composed of 23 questions of 5 ski & snowboard enjoyment factors. Also, it was confirmed that it could be applicable in the field.
Key Words
ski & snowboard enjoyment
Exploration of Factors Inhibition and Activating Emotional Expression in a Dance Performance 무용수행시 정서표현의 억제 및 활성화 요인 탐색
정승혜SeungHyeJung , 정구인KooInJung
52(4) 173-187, 2013
Title
Exploration of Factors Inhibition and Activating Emotional Expression in a Dance Performance 무용수행시 정서표현의 억제 및 활성화 요인 탐색
정승혜SeungHyeJung , 정구인KooInJung
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to extract the inhibiting and activating psycholoigical factors of emotional expression of a dance performance; conceptualize them; and analyze their structure. This is to provide information on the motivational and environment aspects of dance performances, ultimately to maximize dance student´s and professional dancers’ emotional expressiveness. Literature review, open-ended surveys, and expert meetings were employed to extract and categorize the factors. Surveys were conducted on the extracted factors to produce an average, standard deviation, and confidence interval for each factor, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted to reduce the number of and conceptualize the factors. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to structuralize the extracted factors, and suitability of the structure was verified to clarify the concept of inhibiting and stimulating psychological factors during dance performance. The following conclusion was made as a result of analysis. First, the inhibiting factors of emotional expression during dance performances were structuralize as five factors and 23 kinds of psychological factors. The finally extracted inhibiting factors include educational environment, being watched by others, lack of communication, technical element, and physical condition. Second, the activating factors of emotional expression during dance performances were structuralize as four factors and 19 kinds of psychological factors. The finally extracted activating factors include immersion and fun, emotional control and understanding, performance mood, and encouragement and sense of competence.
Validation of Korean Version of Physical Education Learning Environment Scale(KPELES) in Middle School 한국판 체육수업 학습환경 척도(KPELES)의 타당성 검증
류민정MinJeongLyu
52(4) 189-199, 2013
Title
Validation of Korean Version of Physical Education Learning Environment Scale(KPELES) in Middle School 한국판 체육수업 학습환경 척도(KPELES)의 타당성 검증
류민정MinJeongLyu
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived learning environment in physical education class and the validation of Physical Education Learning Environment Scale(KPELES) which was developed and validated by Michell(1996). 792 middle school students participated in this study. For the analysis of data, item analysis (mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis), correlation analysis exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach's α were used with SPSS and Amos programs. The conclusions were as follows: three factors were extracted with 11 items (perceived challenge environment, perceived threat environment, perceived competence environment). It suggested the need of future studies with various participants who have different character in order to examine the reliability and validation of KPELES.
Athletic club leader`s Life and Education 학교운동부 지도자의 삶과 교육
강신녀SinNyeoKang , 류태호TaeHoYu
52(4) 201-216, 2013
Title
Athletic club leader`s Life and Education 학교운동부 지도자의 삶과 교육
강신녀SinNyeoKang , 류태호TaeHoYu
DOI:
Abstract
This research aims to explore the role and educational ideals of future leaders and to provide grounds for positive conversion of recognition to guarantee student athletes’ right for learning. To do this, a case study was conducted, and as the research subjects, one athletic club leader was selected as the primary informant and four student athletes were selected as the secondary informants. Data were collected mainly through in-depth interviews. The results of this research showed that the case study leaders had educational beliefs and philosophy different from the result-oriented goal consciousness of frontline athletics leaders, and based on this, guided the student athletes so that they can perform both classes and sports, and established the athletic club operating plans and practiced them. This had positive effects on the students in forming desirable recognition on classes and sports, and enabled the students to make positive efforts to do both classes and sports and to form autonomous consciousness about their career and future. This was possible because there were the leader’s operating guidelines of the athletic club and instruction methods in which participation in regular classes and school life were set as basic principles, instead of the single-track structure of school athletic club life that most students experienced, and there were the relationships based on interest, affection, and trust between the leader and the students. Through this case study, it was confirmed that the establishment and practice of leaders’ proper educational philosophy made desirable education possible and the athletic club leaders had the possibility to make our country’s institutional elite sports change positively.
Key Words
athletic club leader, athletic club, Student Athlete, Education, right for learning
A research on Taekwondo tourism market through a two-step cluster analysis 이단계 군집분석을 통한 태권도관광의 시장분석에 관한 연구
박태승TaeSeungPark , 전익기IkKiJeon
52(4) 217-231, 2013
Title
A research on Taekwondo tourism market through a two-step cluster analysis 이단계 군집분석을 통한 태권도관광의 시장분석에 관한 연구
박태승TaeSeungPark , 전익기IkKiJeon
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to perform a market analysis according to their demographic characteristics and tourist motivation with domestic and foreign tourists of taekwondo and to provide basic data for taekwondo tour revitalization. In order to conduct the present study, surveys were conducted with tourists who watched taekwondo demonstration performance in the Namsangol Traditional Korean Village in Seoul from June 13, 2012 to October 7, 2012 for around 3 months. Employing a convenience sampling method out of non-probability sampling methods, total 500 questionnaires in Korean, Japanese, English (for americans), Germany and French (for Europeans) were distributed dividing them into 100 respectively.
For this study, using IBM-SPSS 20.0, we made frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, two step cluster analysis, cross analysis, one-way ANOVA and postmortem analysis, and correspondence analysis depending on purposes of analyses and the following results were obtained. Three groups were divided including “a type of pursuing sociality through taekwondo tour”, “a type of pursuing new experience through taekwondo tour”, and “a type of pursuing functional improvement through taekwondo tour” depending on taekwondo tourists' demographic characteristics and tourist motivation, and location of multidimensional space was different depending on group types. It is expected that this study will provide useful basic data to revitalize and develop domestic and foreign markets by proposing new strategies for taekwondo tour based on research findings.
Key Words
taekwondo, tour, market analysis
The Study of Improvement Plan of Sport Stadium through IPA IPA분석을 통한 스포츠경기장 개선방안
The purpose of this study was to analyze a total of 1569 distributed surveys to spectators of baseball, soccer, basketball and volleyball in order to offer improvement and implication of sport stadium though IPA analysis. The result of the study is following.
Frist, baseball stadium continuously maintained of accessibility, convenience and cheer atmosphere and intensively managed to improvement in clean of subsidiary facilities, use convenience and safety supervision. Second, soccer stadium continuously maintained in clean of subsidiary facilities, use convenience and cheer atmosphere and needed to improvement of safety supervision. third, basketball stadium continuously maintained of traffic facilities, service using, clean of subsidiary facilities and cheer atmosphere and needed to improvem. fourth, volleyball stadium continuously maintained of separation of smoking and non-smoking space, clean of subsidiary facilities, use convenience and cheer atmosphere and needed to improvement of safety supervision and waste disposal easing. also all stadium except volleyball stadium needed to improve separation of smoking and non-smoking space.
Key Words
importance-Performance Analysis, sport stadium, sport space
Determing Factors of Korean Professional Baseball League Live Broadcast Ratings 한국프로야구 생중계 시청률 결정요인 탐색
이상인SangInLee , 신승호SeungHoShin
52(4) 249-264, 2013
Title
Determing Factors of Korean Professional Baseball League Live Broadcast Ratings 한국프로야구 생중계 시청률 결정요인 탐색
이상인SangInLee , 신승호SeungHoShin
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to define the factors that affect and determine the live broadcast ratings of Korean professional baseball on regular season. The object of this study was based on 973 games in 2011 and 2012 Korean professional baseball excluding the matches that had been broadcasted by public TV networks and postponed games due to weather conditions. The figures of the audience ratings and match data were collected from TNmS inforsys plus system, Sports2i DB and KBO official resource. Windows for SPSS 19.0 was used in order to extract Decision Tree Analysis through CART Algorism. As the result, following factors were achieved.
Firstly, the biggest factors that influence the ratings were the team itself and its opponents. KIA and Lotte were the two teams who generally attain the highest rating among others. Secondly, in the order of channels, months, and years were the following factors that distinguish the change in ratings.
Key Words
sports channel, korean professional baseball, broadcast ratings, Decision Tree Analysis
A Study on the Advancement of the China Sports Lottery and Sports 중국의 체육복권과 스포츠산업 발전에 관한 연구
김성훈SungHunKim , 김석규SukKyuKim
52(4) 263-272, 2013
Title
A Study on the Advancement of the China Sports Lottery and Sports 중국의 체육복권과 스포츠산업 발전에 관한 연구
김성훈SungHunKim , 김석규SukKyuKim
DOI:
Abstract
In China, the sports lottery has contributed much to the sports industry; however, the China sports lottery is still at a nascent stage, and many problems remain to be solved, such as standardization of the market, placement of human resources, and increase in the types of lottery. These problems need to be solved with the following solutions. First, it is necessary to establish a policy suitable for the current Chinese market by identifying clearly the detailed problems of the market, and to refer to appropriate advanced cases in foreign countries. Second, it is necessary to reinforce legislation management and legislative awareness. Although basically the China sports lottery sales, management, and consumption markets have been created, there still appear numerous problems under relevant laws. Consequently, it is necessary to promote truly the legal and sound advancement of the lottery business by preparing some kind of professional “Lottery Law”. Third, there is a need for diversifying the forms and contents of the sports lottery. Since the current lottery forms and types of China are relatively limited, a positive circulatory system should be created in order to bring about the advancement of sports events as well as an increase of profits by developing a lottery for many events. Fourth, it is necessary to prepare a large sales and management system. The current China sports lottery has been issued to each province utilizing the online network of banks, and this may have a negative effect on national fund management (banking business). Accordingly, the online network should be installed nationwide, and, at the same time, a sales route should be explored and stores for sales should be increased. Such environmental improvement will promote the greater advancement of the sports lottery and will enable the formation of much more funds for the advancement of the sports industry.
Key Words
china sports lottery, sports industry
A Study on Traditional Principle of Self-defense Martial Art and Application of Practical Skill 호신술의 전통적 원리와 기술적용에 대한 논고(論考)
황종대JongDaeHwang , 주동진DongJinJoo , 이진택JinTaekLee
52(4) 273-282, 2013
Title
A Study on Traditional Principle of Self-defense Martial Art and Application of Practical Skill 호신술의 전통적 원리와 기술적용에 대한 논고(論考)
황종대JongDaeHwang , 주동진DongJinJoo , 이진택JinTaekLee
DOI:
Abstract
This study mainly aims to systematically integrate and establish discussion of traditional principle of self-defense martial art and application of practical skill which are considered being pivotal and essential in the field. This will provide an opportunity to recognize self-defense martial art as a part of life fostering mind and body developing society healthily in a context that violent crimes such as hate-crimes or sexual violence that are on the rise as social issues. The contents cover, firstly, idea of self-defense martial art, secondly, fundamentals such as accuracyㆍrotationㆍstabilityㆍadaptability which are common control principle of martial art, thirdly, scientific basis that are anatomyㆍsomatologyㆍdynamics, fourthly, application of realistic skill as a practical character. Given social circumstance interprets acquiring self-defense skill is important and more in future, several advice on the promotion of self-defense martial art development is provided. Firstly, not only approach as a martial art but also broaden research is needed, secondly, shortcut button of cellular phone or expansion of CCTV installment, thirdly, awareness not as a choice but as a must-do, emblazed self-defense martial art in terms of securing social safety net, this is a major subject of the age.
Key Words
the art of self-defense, martial arts, traditional principles of the art of self-defense, application of realistic skill
A Study on Traditional Principle of Self-defense Martial Art and Application of Practical Skill 청소년기 여학생들의 체육활동 실태와 개선 방안 연구
황의룡EuiRyongHwang , 황철상CheolSangHwang
52(4) 283-291, 2013
Title
A Study on Traditional Principle of Self-defense Martial Art and Application of Practical Skill 청소년기 여학생들의 체육활동 실태와 개선 방안 연구
황의룡EuiRyongHwang , 황철상CheolSangHwang
DOI:
Abstract
Based on the research of the actual state of students physical activity surveyed by the government, this study focuses on considering sport for all of girl students and the improvement method. About 82% of girl students do not exercise. Members of the society need to change a perception by sports activity from early age and experience joy with it so it could lead to lifelong physical education. While we make the youth known that doing exercise regularly increase study achievement, if we do not reform the education system focusing only on college entrance exams, sports activity for the youth can not be revitalized. Girl students participate in physical activity to control their weight and do fitness routines like appearance elements. Since the youth spend most time in school, girl students do not have a chance to do physical activity except school PE class and sport club activity after school. So instead of the existing PE class that is difficult and boring, we need to reform the policy that induces the active engagement from girl students by selecting games in which everyone easily participates.
Key Words
adolescent girl students, physical activity, actual state, improvement method
A Study on the Actual State of Adolescent Girl Students Physical Activity and Improvement Method 교양댄스수업에서의 학생들이 지각한 교수의 감성지능, 비언어적커뮤니케이션, 신뢰 및 참여지속의사의 관계
윤인애InAeYoon , 김지영JiYoungKim , 주형철HyungChulJoo
52(4) 293-305, 2013
Title
A Study on the Actual State of Adolescent Girl Students Physical Activity and Improvement Method 교양댄스수업에서의 학생들이 지각한 교수의 감성지능, 비언어적커뮤니케이션, 신뢰 및 참여지속의사의 관계
윤인애InAeYoon , 김지영JiYoungKim , 주형철HyungChulJoo
DOI:
Abstract
This research figures out the structural causal relationship among the emotional intelligence, nonverbal communication, truth, and intention of participation continuity to propose the plan to secure the intention of participation continuity of college students who take a liberal arts dance class. To do this, questionnaires were collected from 6 colleges and 283 copies were used as final data. SPSS and AMOS programs were used for the data analysis method, the descriptive statistical analysis, the exploratory factor analysis, the reliability analysis, the confirmatory factor analysis, the correlation analysis, the structural equation mode, and Aroian-test were conducted. Hereby the following result were derived. First, it shows that the emotional intelligence does not affect the intention of participation continuity. Second, it shows that nonverbal communication has the positive effect on the intention of participation continuity. Third, it shows that the emotional intelligence has the positive effect on the truth. Forth, it shows that the nonverbal communication has the positive effect on the truth. Fifth, it shows that the truth has the positive effect on the intention of participation continuity. Sixth, it shows that the truth has the mediator effect on the relationship between the emotional intelligence and the intention of participation continuity. Seventh, it shows that the truth has the mediator effect on the relationship between nonverbal communication and the intention of participation continuity.
Key Words
emotional intelligence, nonverbal communication, trust, intention of participation continuity
The Relationship Among Students` Perception of Professor`s Emotional Intelligence, Nonverbal Communication, Trust and Intention of Participation Continuity at the Liberal Arts Dance Class 현금흐름표를 이용한 스포츠 아웃도어 제조 기업의 현금흐름 분석
고경진KyongJinKo
52(4) 307-318, 2013
Title
The Relationship Among Students` Perception of Professor`s Emotional Intelligence, Nonverbal Communication, Trust and Intention of Participation Continuity at the Liberal Arts Dance Class 현금흐름표를 이용한 스포츠 아웃도어 제조 기업의 현금흐름 분석
고경진KyongJinKo
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure companies' cash-generating ability and financial soundness through cash flow analysis of companies in sport goods manufacture area. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, a company's ability to generate cash flow has become one of the most important factors in corporate management and been regarded as a source associated with business growth, investment coping with the economic downturn. In this paper, the research selected three companies related to sport goods manufacturing sector according to Korean sport white paper published by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. The data for analysis was collected from each company's statement of financial position, income statement and statement of cash flow included in financial statement. Cash flow analysis based on the business type of analysis, horizontal analysis and vertical ratio analysis were used as the analysis methods. The results are as follows. First, as a result of the cash flow analysis based on business type, all companies were classified as blue chip and growth-oriented companies. Second, the through the overall level of cash flow analysis, all the companies showed positive cash flow. Third, as a result of the vertical short-term ration analysis, liquidity, quality of earning, investment capacity and ability to repay total debt were evaluated in stable.
Key Words
cash flow analysis, statement of cash flow, cash flow from operating activities, sport outdoor manufacturing
A Cash Flow Analysis of Companies in Sport Outdoor Manufacturing Utilizing Statement of Cash Flow 사관교육의 해양스포츠 프로그램 국제비교를 통한 국내 해양스포츠 교육프로그램 발전방안 탐색
우재홍JaeHongWoo , 신승환SeungHwanShin , 박미혜MiHyePark
52(4) 319-328, 2013
Title
A Cash Flow Analysis of Companies in Sport Outdoor Manufacturing Utilizing Statement of Cash Flow 사관교육의 해양스포츠 프로그램 국제비교를 통한 국내 해양스포츠 교육프로그램 발전방안 탐색
우재홍JaeHongWoo , 신승환SeungHwanShin , 박미혜MiHyePark
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to draw future direction of marine sports education program through analyzing the marine sports education program in Military Academies. Those academies are 6 countries - Korea Naval Academy, U. S. Naval Academy, Royal Military College of Canada, Turkish Naval Academy, Australian Defence Force Academy, National Defense Academy of Japan. This study used the modified Bereday's comparison methodology, and results were some points of similarity and difference between Academies focus on contents and role in academies. Marine sports are important education model for whole person education in academies and help to develop cadet’s marine literacy and survivability in the water. In conclusion, future direction of domestic marine sports education program were as follows. First, ultimate goal of domestic marine sports education program should be an introduction to the marine culture like education as initiation into practices. Second, Swimming should be a required subject in public education, Third, marine sports education program should be developed by rhythm of education. Forth it is necessary to make the public marine sports center for education and research.
Key Words
Marine Sports, Military education, International Comparative Study
A Research on The Marine Sports Education Program Development Through International Military Academies Marine Sports Program Analysis 외국인 이주노동자의 스포츠 참가에 관한 탐색
백선아SeongABaik , 원영신YoungSinWon
52(4) 329-344, 2013
Title
A Research on The Marine Sports Education Program Development Through International Military Academies Marine Sports Program Analysis 외국인 이주노동자의 스포츠 참가에 관한 탐색
백선아SeongABaik , 원영신YoungSinWon
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims to find factors which influence sports participation of foreign migrant workers who reside in Korea and to explore perceived benefits of their sports participation with the model of Stodolska, Shinew, Acevedo, & Izenstark(2011) as a theoretical frame. By using the purposive sampling method, in-depth interviews were carried out for twenty foreign migrant workers in the Gyonggi-do region. An analysis was performed by using the grounded theory method. As a result of the analysis, factors which influence sports participation were divided into four cate-gories: hard labor, work-oriented life, perception about discrimination, and communication. Also, perceived benefits in sports participation had five categories: physical benefits, psychological benefits, social bene-fits, cultural benefits, and a means to overcome homesickness. This study has its significance in providing useful implications for sports intervention strategies and program methods in a multicultural society.
Key Words
foreign migrant workers, sports participation, perceived benefits, grounded theory
A Study on Sports Participation of Foreign Migrant Workers 고산등반의 의미에 관한 문화기술적 연구
박경이KyungYiePark
52(4) 345-359, 2013
Title
A Study on Sports Participation of Foreign Migrant Workers 고산등반의 의미에 관한 문화기술적 연구
박경이KyungYiePark
DOI:
Abstract
This study is to examine the reasons why alpinists climb the high mountain despite risk of death or fatal physical damage, and what kinds of physical and psychological experiences they have in the mountain, and if they experience the change of recognition, also in the light of the foregoing, to find out the meaning of high mountain climbing as an extreme sport activity. To identify the above, this study analyzed and interpreted these subjects based on the various records of alpinists, interview data with them, and author's experiences in the high mountain. And, the results were described in the form of ethnography which is one of the qualitative research techniques. The results reveals that alpinists face the severity of 'zone of death' and suffer from high altitude illness during climbing the 8,000 meter mountain which requires both physical and psychological capabilities beyond endurance, and that they are apt to feel the temptation and fear of death, a terrible pain, and not being capable of reason in climbing activities, which helps them experience an enlightenment that can not be imagined at the ground. It was found that alpinists discovered the ego and changed their perspectives on the life and world as well as attitude on the life through climbing. As a kind of the sports and physical education, alpinism is a high-risk and severe physical activity sport, and is more valuable than 'development of healthy body and spirit, and good use of leisure' as described in National Sports Promotion Act.
Key Words
high mountain climbing, recognition, zone of death, alpinism, enlightenment
An Ethnographic Study on the Meaning of Alpinism 고령자 댄스스포츠 참가동기와 여가기능 및 참가지속의도 간의 인과관계 연구
변해심HaeShimByun
52(4) 361-375, 2013
Title
An Ethnographic Study on the Meaning of Alpinism 고령자 댄스스포츠 참가동기와 여가기능 및 참가지속의도 간의 인과관계 연구
변해심HaeShimByun
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to suggest a reasonable casual relationship among participation motivation, leisure functioning, and participation lasting intention of Dancesport of seniors. The population of this research target was customers visiting over 1 places of Dancesport in 2012 and 2013, and a total of 213 copies of questionnaires was set as valid samples. The verification of a measured model and a multiple regression analysis of collected material was carried out by using Spss 18.0. The questionnaires for the participation motivation had been developed by Bang(2012), leisure functioning had been developed by Bek(2010), Witt & Ellis(1987), and participation lasting intention had been developed by Baek(2010). The following results were obtained through the above research method and procedure. First, it appeared that participation motivation has a significant negative and positive influence on leisure functioning. Second, it appeared that participation motivation has a significant influence on participation lasting intention. Third, it appeared that leisure functioning has a significant positive influence on participation lasting intention.
Key Words
%fat, BMI, regression model
The Study of the Casual Relationship Among Participation Motivation, Leisure Functioning, and Participation Lasting Intention of Dancesport of Seniors 대학 골프선수들의 하위문화로서 여가행태에 관한 연구
박찬ChanPark , 서희진HeeJinSeo
52(4) 377-387, 2013
Title
The Study of the Casual Relationship Among Participation Motivation, Leisure Functioning, and Participation Lasting Intention of Dancesport of Seniors 대학 골프선수들의 하위문화로서 여가행태에 관한 연구
박찬ChanPark , 서희진HeeJinSeo
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims at understanding leisure behaviors as sub-culture of collegiate golf players profoundly by using a qualitative method in order to ensure sound and better leisure life of them. Participants of this study were selected from golfers belonged to A university located in B province whose sports career was over 4 years by dividing them into male/female and professional/amateur levels. The data was collected through participant observation and in-depth interview. The result of this study is as follows. First, most of the participants regarded leisure as hobby or relaxation and other participants regarded leisure as a privilege that may be enjoyed by high rankers only. And the reason of leisure constraints are a fear of injury, a vague anxiety as player, and the monitoring from their family. There was different leisure behavior between professional and amateur levels and male and female students in daily life. And also, leisure behavior showed the golf characteristics that the exercise and rest is mix in the training environment. Second, except for the game time is used as a practice time but there was some difference between professional and amateur levels in competition environment. Finally, we recommend that the students get a good attitude for enjoying golf and leisure through leisure education.
A Study on Leisure Behavior as Sub-culture of Collegiate Golf Players 수상스포츠 동호인들의 위험지각과 재미요인 및 지속적 참가의사 간의 관계모형 검증
손승범SeungBumSon , 김춘종ChunJongKim
52(4) 389-399, 2013
Title
A Study on Leisure Behavior as Sub-culture of Collegiate Golf Players 수상스포츠 동호인들의 위험지각과 재미요인 및 지속적 참가의사 간의 관계모형 검증
손승범SeungBumSon , 김춘종ChunJongKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the model indicated relationship among risk perception, fun factors and continuous participate intention in water sports activity. To achieve its goal, this study targeted on participants in Seoul and Gyunggi province who visited the place of water sports in Gyunggi province. Questionaries were distributed to 300 persons and 267 were used in actual analysis. As for statistical method for data processing, this research conducted frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis. And also used two-step approach by Anderson & Gerbing(1988) were proposed, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The finding of this study were as follows. First, structural model of this study which was set of relationship among water-sports participant's risk perception, fun factors and continuous participate intention, was suitable. Second, risk perception of water sports participants was negative effect to fun factors of them. And fun factors were positive effect to continuous participate intention. Also, risk perception of participants was negative effect to continuous participate intention. And, fun factors had significant indirect effect between risk perception and continuous participate intention.
Key Words
risk perception, fun factor, continuous participate intention, water sport club members
An Examination of Model on Relationship among Risk Perception, Fun Factors and Continuous Participate Intention in Water-Sports Club Members 40대 안무가의 직업적 삶과 바람
홍혜전HyeJeonHong , 전미라MiRaJeon
52(4) 401-414, 2013
Title
An Examination of Model on Relationship among Risk Perception, Fun Factors and Continuous Participate Intention in Water-Sports Club Members 40대 안무가의 직업적 삶과 바람
홍혜전HyeJeonHong , 전미라MiRaJeon
DOI:
Abstract
This study pursued to understand the meaning of choreographers` professional life and the policy improvement will for bounce back in their forties by ethnography method in qualitative research. 7 choreographers were selected as research participants by snowball sampling, and materials from face to face interview were analysed by Spradley`s way. Analysis results were classified as choreographers` cognition of profession, fortysomething choreographers` identity and choreographers' hope. Choreographers had life of two-jobs and change-jobs by distort social recognition of choreographer as profession, while very few inversely changed jobs to choreographer by appetite for creation or could make a living as full-time choreographer. And choreographers disgusted with poor working environments of wandering for practice place and of struggling in poverty by production cost. To overcome situations like that, they appealed needs for improvement of welfare and support policy for choreographers, and for producing of dance policy experts. And choreographers needed understandings and attentions of national organizations on creation fields for bounce back in their forties.
Choreographers` Professional Life and Hope in Their Forties 국내 무용교육의 연구 경향을 통한 연결망 분석
강윤주YunJuKang , 김원중WonJungKim
52(4) 415-424, 2013
Title
Choreographers` Professional Life and Hope in Their Forties 국내 무용교육의 연구 경향을 통한 연결망 분석
강윤주YunJuKang , 김원중WonJungKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze a network of authors based on research trends, categories and topics of domestic dance education. In order to achieve the purpose, this study made a further analysis on total 163 academic journal articles as target papers of research, which had their own International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) assigned - in terms of South Korean dance education over the last decade (from 2001 to 2010) - on the National Assembly Digital Library, Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) and Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS) under Korean Studies Information Co., Ltd. (KSI). All valid data were analyzed according to an approach of content analysis based on qualitative methodology. For classification criteria on targets of analysis, this study calculated frequency and percentage of data by year, methodology, research category and topic, and could identify and analyze a network of authors by research category and topic of dance education. As a result, this study could come to the following findings: First, in terms of studies on South Korean dance education, it was found that most of studies were issued in Year 2008, and qualitative methodology comprised the largest part of methodological trends. Secondly, according to analysis on research categories and topic-based research trends of South Korean dance education, it was found that there were many studies focused on dance classes and curriculum of professional dance education as well as dance classes of school dance education, but there were insufficient studies in social dance education and special dance education. Thirdly, according to analysis on a network of authors by research category and topic of South Korean dance education, it was found that there was no author who showed high centrality and there was not any significant tendency of network.
Key Words
dance education, research trend, network analysis
Network Analysis through Research Trend of Domestic Dance Education 학교체육복지 개념 정립을 통한 학교체육 정책 방안 탐색
홍은아EunAhHong , 유진JinYoo , 김상범SangBumKim
52(4) 425-435, 2013
Title
Network Analysis through Research Trend of Domestic Dance Education 학교체육복지 개념 정립을 통한 학교체육 정책 방안 탐색
홍은아EunAhHong , 유진JinYoo , 김상범SangBumKim
DOI:
Abstract
This study is intended to explore‘school physical education welfare’policy measures for marginalized students through defining the concept and scope of 'school physical education welfare'. This study used various research methods such as delphi survey, expert meetings, and in-depth interviews. The research findings are as follows. First, the concept of 'school physical education welfare' refers to establishing a foundation of lifelong physical activities to improve the quality of life as well as promote health and happiness of individuals by offering an arena that ensures the rights of all students to engage in physical activities for a certain period of time without alienating any of them. Second, in terms of 'school physical education welfare,' valued by experts, marginalized individuals refer to the following groups with the ratio in the same order: individuals with low stamina; female students; rural and low-income households; and multicultural households. Third, this study presents policy measures designed to allow all students in each group to actively participate in school physical education.
Key Words
school physical education welfare, marginalized groups, policy measures
An Exploration of School Physical Education Policy by Establishing the Definition of School Physical Education Welfare 다중흐름모형(Multiple Streams Framework)을 적용한 학교스포츠 클럽 정책의제 설정 과정 분석
홍은아EunAhHong
52(4) 437-448, 2013
Title
An Exploration of School Physical Education Policy by Establishing the Definition of School Physical Education Welfare 다중흐름모형(Multiple Streams Framework)을 적용한 학교스포츠 클럽 정책의제 설정 과정 분석
홍은아EunAhHong
DOI:
Abstract
This study analyses how the school sports club has been set up as a policy agenda by applying Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework (1984). First, the indexes representing the increase in adolescent obesity and decrease in stamina and the visible occurrences and figures that represent the decrease in time allocated to physical education formed a “problem stream”. Second, well-being sensation which appeared in the Korean society during the early to mid-2000s, nation-wide interest in health and the replacement of the head of the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development formed a "political stream". Third, a “policy stream” formed as the “School Physical Education Promotion Association” and the “Presidential Advisory Committee on Sustainable Growth” proposed detailed ideas and alternatives. Fourth, school sports clubs arose to become an policy agenda of the government where three policy entrepreneurs successfully coupled together when the policy window was open.
Key Words
Multiple streams framework, school sport club policy, agenda setting
The Effect of Pilates Mat Exercise on Fall-Related Fitness and Aging-related Hormone in Sarcopenic Obesity Elderly 필라테스 매트운동이 근위축 비만 노인의 낙상관련체력과 노화관련호르몬에 미치는 영향
김남정NamJungKim
52(4) 449-459, 2013
Title
The Effect of Pilates Mat Exercise on Fall-Related Fitness and Aging-related Hormone in Sarcopenic Obesity Elderly 필라테스 매트운동이 근위축 비만 노인의 낙상관련체력과 노화관련호르몬에 미치는 영향
김남정NamJungKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of pilates mat exercise on fall-related fitness and aging-related hormone in sarcopenic obesity elderly. All subjects were sarcopenic obesity(height for each of the arms, legs, appendicular muscle mass ratio of 1.16 ㎏/㎡, 4.31 ㎏/㎡, 5.21 ㎏/㎡ under and % body fat is more than 30%) elderly performed the pilates mat exercise during 12-week for 60 minutes 3 times a weeks. All subjects of this study were examined the changes in fall-related fitness(upper-body strength, low-body strength, flexibility, balance, endurance exercise capacity) and aging-related hormone(growth hormone, estrogen, melatonin). The results of the study in the exercise group were as follows; The upper-body strength, low-body strength, flexibility, balance, endurance exercise capacity and growth hormone, estrogen had significantly increased. And also, pilates mat exercises related to fall-related fitness and aging-related hormone have been found to be a positive influence, if carried out regularly, to prevent hurting and natural aging is meant to give by delaying the phenomenon.
Key Words
pilates mat exercise, sarcopenic obesity, fall-related fitness, aging-related hormone
Prediction and Validity of VO2max in Korean Men 한국인 남성의 최대산소섭취량 추정 및 타당도
임재형JaeHyengIm , 전유정YooJoungJeon
52(4) 461-470, 2013
Title
Prediction and Validity of VO2max in Korean Men 한국인 남성의 최대산소섭취량 추정 및 타당도
임재형JaeHyengIm , 전유정YooJoungJeon
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to predict VO2max for Korean males and verify its validity. The subjects are consisted of 605 males aged from 20’s to 50’s, and we separated them into sample group(n=455) and cross-validation group(n=150). We developed a model from running multiple regression analysis to the sample group, and verified it with cross-validation group. Sample group’s input variables are body index and metabolic variables measured at 3 minute and 6 minute of Bruce treadmill protocol. From these, time to reach HR170, weight, 6 minuteVO2, 6 minuteVCO2, age, 3 minuteVCO2, and 6 minute HR are chosen for prediction model. Model 1 is VO2max=52.751+.023(HR170)-.444(weight)+.019(6minVO2)-.009(6minVCO2)-.088(age) +.006(3minVCO2)-.104(6minHR), model 2 is VO2max=32.366+.035(HR170)-.430(weight)+.018(6minVO2)-.010(6minVCO2)-.080(age) +.005(3minVCO2), model 3 is VO2max=32.179+.035(HR170)-.423(weight)+.018(6minVO2)-.007(6minVCO2)-.069(age), model 4 is VO2max=32.286+.032(HR170)-.417(weight)+.019(6minVO2)-.008(6minVCO2). All 4 models have high R value(R=.71~.73, p<.01), low SEE,(±4.5~±4.7), and SEE%(11.0~11.4, p<.01). Also, they did not show multicolinearity. From Cross-validation, we found significant correlation between predicted and measured VO2max((R=.725~.734, p<.01). In addition, both %error(-10.24~6.48) and %TE(4.8~5.1) were very low, confirming its accuracy and validity. Thus, models from this study can be effectively utilized in not only exercise prescription field, but also in any hospitals that can conduct graded exercise tests.
Key Words
estimation of VO2max, multiple regression analysis, cross validation
The effects of SIRT1 on mitochondrial biogenesis in exercised rat skeletal muscle SIRT1이 지구성 운동 시 흰쥐의 골격근 내 미토콘드리아 생합성에 미치는 영향
김상현SangHyunKim , 정수련SuRyunJung , 김기진KiJinKim
52(4) 471-479, 2013
Title
The effects of SIRT1 on mitochondrial biogenesis in exercised rat skeletal muscle SIRT1이 지구성 운동 시 흰쥐의 골격근 내 미토콘드리아 생합성에 미치는 영향
김상현SangHyunKim , 정수련SuRyunJung , 김기진KiJinKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the roles of SIRT1 on mitochondrial biogenesis during endurance exercise training. Twenty-four animals were used for this study. All rats were electroporated with either SIRT1-WT(n=12) or SIRT1-G261A(n=12) vectors into the left side of the tricep muscles using an electric pulse-mediated gene transfer technique. Contralateral side of the tricep muscles were electoroporated with empty vector for electroporation control. Half of the SIRT1-WT(EX-WT, EX-EV) or SIRT1-G261A(Ex-G261A, EX-EV) were trained by using a swimming program of 6h/day, for 3days at eleven days post electroporation. Rest of the animals were used for control sedentary group(Sed-WT, Sed-G261A). Muscle samples were harvested 18 hours after the last bout of exercise. The overexpression of SIRT1-WT attenuated the adapted responses of mitochondrial enzyme proteins in exercised rat tricep muscles, but expression of WIRT1-G261A had no additional increase of mitochondrial enzyme proteins compare with exercised rat triceps muscle. And overexpression of SIRT1-WT resulted in decreased PGC-1α activity, but PGC-1α activity was increased with expression of SIRT1-G261A.
A Comparison of the Exercise Effect between Automated Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy(APLD) and Non-surgical Patients 요추간판 수핵적출술 환자와 비수술 환자의 운동효과 비교
최지환JiHwanChoi , 허유섭YuSubHuh
52(4) 481-490, 2013
Title
A Comparison of the Exercise Effect between Automated Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy(APLD) and Non-surgical Patients 요추간판 수핵적출술 환자와 비수술 환자의 운동효과 비교
최지환JiHwanChoi , 허유섭YuSubHuh
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise between HNP percutaneous automated Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy(APLD) and non-surgical patients on the degree of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. The subjects consisted of groups of APLD(n=10) and non-surgical(n=10). The changes of a lumbar isometric extensor strength, lumbar lean backward, knee flexion, knee extension strength, VAS, and Oswestry low back pain disability scale are analyzed for this study. Statistical technique for data analysis were 2-way RM ANOVA and paired t-test. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The case of the body functional aspects, surgical and non-surgical both groups showed significantly differences in the changes of a lumbar isometric extensor strength and flexibility, knee flexion and extension by period(p<.05). 2. Also, the cases of pain and disability factor, surgical and non-surgical both groups showed significantly differences in the VAS and Oswestry low back pain disability scale by period(p<.05). The result so far showed that rehabilitation exercise for non-surgical HNP patients has a positive effect on not only physical functional improvement but also pain relief, and enhancement of the daily living activity.
Effects of therapeutic exercise for CNS-development on temporal-spatial gait parameters and balance ability in hemiplegic stroke patients 중추신경계발달 재활운동이 편마비 환자의 시ㆍ공간적 보행요소와 균형능력에 미치는 영향
오동건DongGunOh , 성순창SoonChangSung , 이만균ManGyoonLee
52(4) 491-502, 2013
Title
Effects of therapeutic exercise for CNS-development on temporal-spatial gait parameters and balance ability in hemiplegic stroke patients 중추신경계발달 재활운동이 편마비 환자의 시ㆍ공간적 보행요소와 균형능력에 미치는 영향
오동건DongGunOh , 성순창SoonChangSung , 이만균ManGyoonLee
DOI:
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of therapeutic exercise for CNS-development and general therapeutic exercise on temporal-spatial gait parameters and balance ability in hemiplegic stroke patients. Subjects in therapeutic exercise for CNS-development group (CNS group; n=9) and general therapeutic exercise group (GEN group; n=9) exercised their assigned exercise for 30 min/session, two sessions/day, five days/wk, for four weeks. Temporal-spatial gait parameters and variables related to balance ability were measured and compared between two groups and between pre- and post-test. Main results of the present study were as follows: 1) There was a significant main effect of test in step time at non-paraplegic side, step length at paraplegic side, stride length at both sides, and step/extremity ratio at paraplegic side. Step time at non-paraplegic side, step length at paraplegic side, and step/extremity ratio at paraplegic side changed significantly in CNS group. Functional ambulation profile (FAP) score increased in CNS group, whereas it decreased in GEN group, resulting in significant interaction between group and test. 2) All sways related to balance ability decreased significantly in CNS group, whereas no significant change in the sways was found in GEN group. It was concluded that the therapeutic exercise for CNS-development was more beneficial for improving gait ability and balance ability than general therapeutic exercise in hemiplegic stroke patients.
Effects of Kinesio Taping on Spike Speed in Volleyball Players 키네시오 테이핑이 배구선수들의 스파이크 속도에 미치는 영향
이준희JoonHeeLee , 정홍용HongYongJung
52(4) 503-511, 2013
Title
Effects of Kinesio Taping on Spike Speed in Volleyball Players 키네시오 테이핑이 배구선수들의 스파이크 속도에 미치는 영향
이준희JoonHeeLee , 정홍용HongYongJung
DOI:
Abstract
This study is about the effects of Kinesio taping on volleyball players' spiking and aims at analyzing how Kinesio taping for the shoulder influences spike speed in volleyball players. 5 high school volleyball players in J Province served as the subjects and their spike speed was compared and analyzed in left, right, a swift attack, and a back attack before and after the Kinesio taping. Finally the following results were obtained. First, the left showed statistically significant difference in Phase 4 after the experiment, and also did in both phase interaction and phase-group interaction. Second, the right showed statistically significant difference in Phase 4 after the experiment, and also did in both phase interaction and phase-group interaction. Third, swift and back attacks showed statistically significant difference only in the phase.
Effects of acute walking exercise on insulin resistance and IL-6 in middle aged obesity women 일회성 걷기 운동이 비만 중년여성들의 인슐린 저항성과 IL-6의 반응에 미치는 영향
한태경HanTaeKyung , 이혜실HyeSilLee , 강현식HyunSikKang
52(4) 513-521, 2013
Title
Effects of acute walking exercise on insulin resistance and IL-6 in middle aged obesity women 일회성 걷기 운동이 비만 중년여성들의 인슐린 저항성과 IL-6의 반응에 미치는 영향
한태경HanTaeKyung , 이혜실HyeSilLee , 강현식HyunSikKang
DOI:
Abstract
Little is known regarding the effect of acute exercise training on insulin resistance syndrome markers and the relationships among serum interleukin-6(IL-6) and insulin resistance responses to acute exercise training. The purpose of the study was to investigate responses of serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and IL6 to the acute walking exercise targeting at 1200 kcal of exercise energy expenditure. A total of fourteen middle aged women were classified into either normal group or high-risk group based on markers of insulin resistance syndrome, Serum blood samples were collected at baseline and 0 minute, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours after the acute exercise. Collected serum samples were used for the assessments of glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and IL-6. ANOVA with repeated measured used to compare any significant differences in glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and IL-6 responses between the two group over the 5 different time points. Significant time effect only was found for serum glucose responses to acute exercise(p<.001). Significant time by group interaction were found to serum insulin(p=.040) and HOMA-IR(p=.018) response to acute exercise. And no significant time or group or time by group interactions were found for serum IL-6 responses to acute exercise. The current findings of the study suggest that acute exercise as a means of improving insulin resistance markers was more effective for the high-risk group, as compared with low-risk group and however, improvements of insulin resistance markers were not mediated by serum IL-6 time of response to acute exercise.
Key Words
school sports club activities, creative activities, improvement
Error analysis on Fitting and Transformation Methods for Estimating the Center of Rotation in a Spherical Joint 구관절 중심 추정에 대한 적합법과 변환법의 오차분석
김진욱JinUkKim
52(4) 523-536, 2013
Title
Error analysis on Fitting and Transformation Methods for Estimating the Center of Rotation in a Spherical Joint 구관절 중심 추정에 대한 적합법과 변환법의 오차분석
김진욱JinUkKim
DOI:
Abstract
There have been many studies on the fitting methods in various area whereas little research has been done on the transformation methods. These two methods are used in biomechanics to estimate the center of rotation in a joint. The purpose of this study is to analyze the statistical properties of transformation methods estimator and compare them to those of fitting methods estimator in a theoretical and an empirical manner. A simulation study for the response of two estimators with two factors, noise and range of motion, was performed. The results showed that the estimator of transformation methods was minimum variance unbiased estimator(MVUE) and had smaller variance and bias than the fitting method. The transformation method, therefore, is superior to the fitting method as regards validity and reliability.
Key Words
center of rotation, fitting method, transformation method, estimator, Cramer-Rao Lower bound
Effects of Iron Club Shaft Cutting Methods on Shaft Flex 아이언 클럽 샤프트의 커팅방법이 강도에 미치는 영향
Based on a total of 45 (274±10.08CPM) shaft companies constructed of company A (8), company K (4), company M (6), company N (w), company N (21), and company T (4), this study divided the strength into two groups: strong(n=23) for CPM of at least 275 and weak(n=22) for CPM of equal to or less than 274. The strong group was then randomly divided into butt amputated group(279±5.90CPM n=12) and tip amputated group (284±3.11CPM n=11) while the weak group was also randomly divided into butt amputated group(266±6.92CPM n=11) and tip amputated group(264±5.80CPM n=11). Accordingly, the CPM was measured to analyze the CPM changes following the amputation methods of iron club shafts. Results of measurement after installing an experimental grip showed that there were no differences in CPM in comparison to the original completed products and there were no significant differences between the strong and weak group. However the CPM differences when the Butt and Tip were amputated were 4.5CPM and 9CPM respectively.
Key Words
Iron Club, Shaft Flex, CPM, Amputation
Effects of Hoehn-Yahr Scale on the Gait with Parkinson`s Patients 파킨슨 환자들의 질병등급척도가 보행에 미치는 영향
김미영MiYoungKim , 김창환ChangWhanKim , 임비오BeeOhLim
52(4) 545-552, 2013
Title
Effects of Hoehn-Yahr Scale on the Gait with Parkinson`s Patients 파킨슨 환자들의 질병등급척도가 보행에 미치는 영향
김미영MiYoungKim , 김창환ChangWhanKim , 임비오BeeOhLim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hoehn-Yahr scale on the gait with Parkinson's patients. Thirty three parkinson's patients were recruited in the study. Spatio-temporal and foot pressure variables was investigated using GAITRite pressure sensor system. Each footprint was divided into 12 equal trapezoids and after that the hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot analysis was developed. The ratio of variance of within-subjects and between-subjects was verified by One-way ANOVA and post-hoc was carried out by the method of Scheffe. The results showed that the Hoehn-Yahr 3 scale group were significantly decreased in velocity and stride length while increased step time, cycle time, step width and toe-out angle compared to the Hoehn-Yahr 1 or/and 2 scale group. The peak time of Hoehn-Yahr scale 3 scale group were significantly more faster of medial and lateral part of 1 trapezoid footprint compared to the Hoehn-Yahr 1 or/and 2 scale group. The P*t, active area and peak pressure of Hoehn-Yahr scale 3 scale group were significantly decreased at hindfoot compared to the Hoehn-Yahr 1 or/and 2 scale group. In conclusion, the Hoehn-Yahr 3 scale group showed abnormal gait characteristics compared to the Hoehn-Yahr 1 or/and 2 scale group.
Key Words
Parkinson, Hoehn-Yahr scale, gait, GaitRite system
A Plan for the Improvement of Middle/High School Student Athletes Admission System Linked to Right for Learning Guarantee System 학습권 보장제와 연계된 중ㆍ고등학교 체육특기자 입학전형제도의 개선 방안
이양구YangGuLee
52(4) 553-562, 2013
Title
A Plan for the Improvement of Middle/High School Student Athletes Admission System Linked to Right for Learning Guarantee System 학습권 보장제와 연계된 중ㆍ고등학교 체육특기자 입학전형제도의 개선 방안
이양구YangGuLee
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims to improve middle/high school student athletes admission system linked to right for learning guarantee system for student athletes belonging to school athletic clubs to grow up as necessary talented persons required by society as students rather than athletes to promote the student athletes’ learning abilities. The research subjects were 13 experts who had experienced managing and selecting student athletes. To verify the improvement and relevance of the admission system of middle/high school student athletes, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method of analysis was used, which is recognized as a scientific and systematic quantitative approach. The results of the study are as follows: First, it turned out that for the right settlement of right of learning guarantee system, the middle/high school student athletes system should be improved. Second, it turned out that the system should be improved so that the ratio of application of match results in the qualifications of the application for student athletes will be reduced and their learning abilities will be reflected. Third, it turned out that the system should be improved so as to increase the objectivity of the range of selecting student athletes. Fourth, it turned out that the system should be improved so that regular classes participation rate reflected and objective criteria in the admission of student athletes will be prepared.
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Measuring Adolescents" Physical Self-Efficacy 청소년용 신체적 자기효능감 질문지 개발 및 타당성 검사
석창혁ChangHyeokSeok , 정혁HyukChung
52(4) 563-575, 2013
Title
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Measuring Adolescents" Physical Self-Efficacy 청소년용 신체적 자기효능감 질문지 개발 및 타당성 검사
석창혁ChangHyeokSeok , 정혁HyukChung
DOI:
Abstract
This study mainly focused on developing and validating a scale measuring adolescents' physical self-efficacy. The procedures were conducted according to the framework of construct validation suggested by Benson (1998). One hundred and one items were generated based on previous studies and an open-ended question survey. The pool of items was then reduced to 61 items through content validity and a pilot study. Throughout exploratory factor analysis five factors with 18 items were extracted and confirmed as a result of confirmatory factor analyses. Concerning reliability the results of internal consistency and test-retest reliability tests were acceptable. Additionally, two analyses were conducted: 1) an independent t-test for two heterogeneous groups (high physical ability vs. low physical ability), and 2) a correlation analysis between the measures from the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (PSEQ) and the Physical Self-Concept Scale. These results provided the evidences showing validity of the PSEQ. The final form of the PSEQ consists of five factors (Run, Exercise Participation, Body Type, Strength, and Appearance efficacies). In conclusion, the use of the PSEQ with robust validity and stability presented in this study is recommended to measure the levels of adolescents' physical self-efficacy.
The Verification on Predictive Variables about Participation in Physical Activity of People with Physical Disabilities 지체장애인의 신체활동 참여 예측변수 검증
서은철EunChulSeo , 김지태JiTaeKim , 김영준YoungJunKim
52(4) 577-588, 2013
Title
The Verification on Predictive Variables about Participation in Physical Activity of People with Physical Disabilities 지체장애인의 신체활동 참여 예측변수 검증
서은철EunChulSeo , 김지태JiTaeKim , 김영준YoungJunKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to suggest an empirical evidence to establish a policy which is effective and successful to improve participation in physical activity of people with physical disabilities. As the expedient to establish the policy, theoretical model was set up and was verified by experimental data based on the hypothesis which in relationship of subjective health, independent living ability, socio-economic position, overall life satisfaction and participation in physical activity. Data and a sample was utilized 2,254 people with physical disabilities who responded to surveys which the third year’s data of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) conducted a follow-up survey by Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the Disabled Employment Development Institute from 2008 to 2010, targeting registered people with physical disabilities in Ministry of Health and Welfare. For verification of the hypothesis, hierarchical logistic regression was applied, and SPSS 21.0 was utilized. At this time, the statistically level of significance was set up as α=.05. As the result of the study, subjective health, independent living ability, overall life satisfaction influenced a positive effect on participation in physical activity of people with physical disabilities. But socio-economic position did not have a significant influence.
Key Words
participation in physical activity, subjective health, independent Living ability, socio-economic position, overall Life satisfaction
Analysis on Association between Participation Level of Exercise and Self-rated Health in the Elderly with Disabilities 장애노인의 운동 참여수준과 주관적 건강 평가의 관계 분석
서연태YounTaeSuh , 정기천KiChonJeong , 김춘종ChunJongKim
52(4) 589-597, 2013
Title
Analysis on Association between Participation Level of Exercise and Self-rated Health in the Elderly with Disabilities 장애노인의 운동 참여수준과 주관적 건강 평가의 관계 분석
서연태YounTaeSuh , 정기천KiChonJeong , 김춘종ChunJongKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to analyze association between participation level in exercise of the elderly with disabilities and self-rated health assessment. To this end, 2011 study on national survey of the disabled person was used and the subjects were person with physical disabilities(n=1,318) and person with brain lesions over 65 years old. Collected data were analyzed with crosstabulation and logistic regression analysis(p<.05). The results of logistic regression analysis were as follows. For the elderly with physical disabilities, exercise participation group showed 1.59(95% CI=1.57-1.62) in OR(Odds ratio) figure compared to non-participation group; in exercise frequency, almost everyday group showed 1.69(95% CI=1.66-1.72) in OR compared to less than 1-3 times a week group; in exercise hours, more than 30 minutes group showed 1.77(95% CI=1.74-1.80) compared to less than 30 minutes group, which is statistically significant. For the elderly with brain lesions, exercise participation group showed 3.63(95% CI=13.49-3.76) in OR figure compared to non-participation group; in exercise frequency, almost everyday group showed 2.16(95% CI=2.02-2.31) in OR compared to less than 1-3 times a week group; in exercise hours, more than one hour group showed 1.96(95% CI=1.82-2.12) compared to less than one hour group, which is statistically significant. Accordingly, to raise self-rated health assessment of the elderly with disabilities, it is suggested that exercise frequency is almost everyday; for exercise hour, person with physical disabilities have more than 30 minutes, the elderly with brain lesions have more than one hour.
Key Words
the elderly with disabilities, self-rated health, participation Level of exercise
Comparative Analysis of Elderly with Disability People`s Participation in Physical Activity on Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factor 지체장애노인의 생활체육 참가에 따른 일상생활수행능력, 우울수준 및 대사증후군 위험인자의 비교분석
최윤진YounJinChoi , 김우석WooSukKim
52(4) 599-607, 2013
Title
Comparative Analysis of Elderly with Disability People`s Participation in Physical Activity on Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factor 지체장애노인의 생활체육 참가에 따른 일상생활수행능력, 우울수준 및 대사증후군 위험인자의 비교분석
최윤진YounJinChoi , 김우석WooSukKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of elderly with disability people`s participation in physical activity on activities of daily living, depression, and metabolic syndrome risk factor. A total of 135 elderly with physical disabilities men and women(physical activity group: 71, physical inactivity group: 64) participated in a questionnaire study, and measured for metabolic syndrome risk factor. T-test was used to confirm statistical significant differences among the groups. The results were as follows; First, activities of daily living was significantly higher in the physical activity group compared to physical inactivity group. Second, depression, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lower in the physical activity group compared to physical inactivity group. In conclusion, the physical activity had a positive effects on activities of daily living, depression, and metabolic syndrome risk factor in elderly with physical disabilities persons.
Key Words
elderly with disability people, physical activity, activities of daily Living, depression, metabolic syndrome risk factor
A Study on Passion, Emotion, and Life Satisfaction of Physically Challenged Athlete 지체장애 운동선수의 열정과 정서, 그리고 생활만족도의 관계
최경훈KyungHoonChoi
52(4) 609-619, 2013
Title
A Study on Passion, Emotion, and Life Satisfaction of Physically Challenged Athlete 지체장애 운동선수의 열정과 정서, 그리고 생활만족도의 관계
최경훈KyungHoonChoi
DOI:
Abstract
The pupose of this study was to analyze the interactions among passion, emotion, and life satisfaction in sitting volleyball and Boccia disabled athletes. Eighty samples were randomly collected and participants were recruited form the 32th Korean national disabled athlete meeting. Frequency analysis, independent t-test, correlation analysis, an multiple regressions were used to analyze data in this study. The data was analyze by SPSS 18.0 version. The conclusion is as follows. First, sitting volleyball players have higher harmony passion and obsessive-compulsive passion levels than boccia players. Second, a group with 10 years of sports experience or more has higher harmony passion and obsessive-compulsive passion levels than a group with less than 10 years of sports experience. Third, acquired physically challenged people have higher harmony passion and obsessive-compulsive passion levels than congenital physically challenged people. Fourth, the higher a harmony passion level is, the higher obsessive-compulsive passion, positive emotion, and life satisfaction levels and the lower a negative emotion level is. Moreover, the higher an obsessive-compulsive passion level is, the higher harmony passion and positive emotion levels are. Fifth, the higher a negative emotion level is, the lower a harmony passion level is but the higher obsessive-compulsive passion and positive levels are. Also, the higher a life satisfaction level is, the higher harmony passion and positive emotion levels are. Sixth, harmony passion (+) have influence on positive emotion (+) and negative emotion (-). Obsessive-compulsive passion have influence on positive emotion (+) and negative emotion (-). Harmony passion (+), positive emotion (+), and negative emotion (-) have influence on life satisfaction.
Key Words
physically challenged athletes, passion, emotion, Life satisfaction
Social Adjustment and Challenge of National Disabled Archer 양궁을 통한 장애인선수들의 사회화과정 엿보기
The purpose of this study is that national disabled archers work as represents of our country how they adjust to the society and how they face the challenges in their life. To achieve this purpose, this study performed a qualitative research method. Research participants were chosen by purposive sampling and there are four archers total (3 Men, Women). They have participated five times and won the gold medal in the Asian Games, World Championship and the Paralympics. Date were collected by in-depth interview and gathering materials, which were analyzed by textual analysis. The results drawn out by implementing aforementioned methods are as follows. National disabled archers have adjusted through recovering confidence, overcoming handicap with positive dignity, participating in society with flexible formatting personal relations and sense of belonging in society with the team. And national disabled archers have challenged not only as players but also their limit to the society.
Key Words
national disabled archer, positive dignity, social adjustment, challenge
The Effect of Low-intensity Exercise and EGCG Administration of MyoD, Myostatin and PEPCK Gene in Rats 저강도 운동과 (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate투여가 근육 생성 및 억제인자에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Low-intensity Exercise and EGCG Administration of MyoD, Myostatin and PEPCK Gene in Rats 저강도 운동과 (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate투여가 근육 생성 및 억제인자에 미치는 영향
The purpose of this study was to investigate how low-intensity exercise and EGCG administration effect into a gene on the MyoD, myostatin and PEPCK in skeletal muscle. Exercise with rat was performed consisting of treadmill running at 8 m/min and 0-degree inclination for 60 min/day, 5 days/week, during 4 weeks. Epigallocatechin-gallate(EGCG, 50 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats. One group of subjects was performed with only exercise which was divided control group(CON), exercise group(EX), and the other group was performed with both EGCG administration and exercise(EGCG+EX). After analyzing with Real time-PCR, this experiment showed us that the revelation of mRNA of PEPCK at gastrocnemius muscle (GA) was significantly increased more in EGCG+EX than in EX. A mRNA revelation of myostatin was significantly increased and decreased between EX and EGCG+EX in SOL and GA. In MyoD, the revelation of mRNA at SOL was increased more in EGCG+EX than in EX. As a result, EGCG+EX in SOL are considered to be an improvement for exercising capabilities as they EGCG+EX effect into a gene of MyoD and PEPCK which involves exercising capabilities. Key words: DA-9601, EGCG, exercise.
Key Words
MyoD, Myostatin, PEPCK, EGCG, exercise
Effects of Physical Activity Level on Blood Concentration of Free Fatty Acid, Ceramide and Insulin Resistance in Obesity Middle School Girls 신체활동 수준이 비만여중생의 유리지방산과 세라마이드 혈중농도 및 인슐린저항성에 미치는 영향
박치욱CheeWookPark , 정주하JuHaJung , 양점홍JumHongYang
52(4) 641-652, 2013
Title
Effects of Physical Activity Level on Blood Concentration of Free Fatty Acid, Ceramide and Insulin Resistance in Obesity Middle School Girls 신체활동 수준이 비만여중생의 유리지방산과 세라마이드 혈중농도 및 인슐린저항성에 미치는 영향
박치욱CheeWookPark , 정주하JuHaJung , 양점홍JumHongYang
DOI:
Abstract
This study is aimed to investigate how each level of physical activity influences blood concentration of free fatty acid and ceramide, and insulin resistance. 38 obese girls of J middle school located in B metropolitan city were divided into three groups; High physical activity intervention group(HPAIG) consisted of 11 girls with treatment of 500-550-minute per week high physical activity intervention, 15 girls in MPAIG(medium physical activity intervention group) were given treatment of 250-300-minute per week medium physical intervention, low physical activity intervention group(LPAIG) was composed of 12 girls with treatment of 60-minute per week physical activity intervention. Exercise treatment such as badminton, walk, tee ball, and handball has been executed 3-(to)5 times a week for 12 weeks with 50-64%HRR or RPE 13-15. All the data were processed statistically with measurement items of mean(M) and standard deviation(SD) from SPSS ver.18.0. To identify interaction, two-way repeated ANOVA was used, and paired t-test was employed to verify the difference in effects between pre-physical activity intervention session and post-physical activity intervention session in intra-groups. The result showed that for MPAIG and HPAIG physical activity intervention brought positive improvement to insulin resistance and it also made a positive progress in free fatty acid and insulin susceptibility with no loss of weight and ceramide.
Comparison of Determinations of Body Fatness in Young Children using Standard Height and Weight Curves and Impedance Method, and Their Validity 유아를 대상으로 실시한 Impedance법과 표준신장ㆍ체중곡선의 비만도 판정비교와 그 타당성
김준동JunDongKim , 藤井勝紀FujiiKatsunori
52(4) 653-660, 2013
Title
Comparison of Determinations of Body Fatness in Young Children using Standard Height and Weight Curves and Impedance Method, and Their Validity 유아를 대상으로 실시한 Impedance법과 표준신장ㆍ체중곡선의 비만도 판정비교와 그 타당성
김준동JunDongKim , 藤井勝紀FujiiKatsunori
DOI:
Abstract
Body composition in children can be measured until about the age of 6 years using the impedance method, but in children below that age the findings are often treated as reference values. However, information on body composition is needed to verify body fatness in early childhood. In this study, we investigated the possibility of measuring body composition with the impedance method in young children, by comparing body fat percentage derived with the impedance method and body fatness judged from standard height and weight curves in children 5 and 6 years old. The subjects were children aged 5 to 6 years (37 five-year-old boys, 38 six-year-old boys, 35 five-year-old girls, 40 six-year-old girls), whose body composition was measured by impedance. The changes with age were then investigated. A 5-step mean evaluation of body fat percentage was done and a polynomial regression chart of height against weight was made, and assessments of body fatness determined using the two methods were compared. No significant difference between the two assessments was seen in a comparison with the x2 test. Therefore, the validity of the impedance method in measuring body composition in young children is assumed to have been shown. However, for a more accurate understanding of body composition it will be necessary to analyze larger amounts of data for provision as basic data in body composition research.
Key Words
standard weight, body composition, fatty-slim judgment, regression polynomial, Least square approximation
